Why women live longer than men?

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. Why do women live so longer than men, and why has this advantage increased in the past? There is only limited evidence and the evidence isn't sufficient to reach an unambiguous conclusion. We are aware that behavioral, biological and environmental factors all contribute to the fact that women live longer than men; however, we do not know how much the influence to each of these variables is.

It is known that women live longer than men, regardless of weight. However this is not due to the fact that certain non-biological aspects have changed. These variables are evolving. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. There are other issues that are more intricate. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for كيفي